What is the term that defines the scientific study of disease and its causes?

The term that defines the scientific study of disease and its causes is pathology. This field focuses on understanding the nature of diseases, including their development, mechanisms, and potential impacts on the body. Pathology encompasses various aspects, such as the examination of tissues, organs, bodily fluids, and autopsies to diagnose health conditions and understand how diseases affect normal physiological processes. This knowledge is crucial not only for medical professionals but also for those in related fields, including massage therapy, as it helps practitioners understand conditions that may affect their clients and informs safe practice.

Anatomy relates to the structure of the body and its systems, while physiology studies the functions and processes within those structures. Kinesiology focuses specifically on body movement and mechanics. While all of these fields provide valuable information in health and wellness contexts, they do not specifically address the scientific study of disease, making pathology the most fitting term in this context.