Which of the following actions can lead to the refusal of a massage license issuance?

Having a previous license revoked for misconduct is a significant factor that can lead to the refusal of a massage license issuance. Regulatory boards that oversee massage therapy licenses prioritize the integrity and ethical behavior of practitioners. A revoked license generally indicates serious violations of professional standards, which raises red flags about the individual's suitability to practice in the future. Authorities are tasked with ensuring patient safety and maintaining public trust in the profession, and a history of misconduct can severely undermine this trust. Thus, previous misconduct is taken very seriously and can permanently affect one's eligibility for re-licensure.

In contrast, engaging in professional development courses, passing the required exams, and volunteering in massage therapy events are all positive actions that demonstrate commitment to the profession and adherence to the requirements set by licensing boards. These activities contribute to building a competent and ethical massage therapy practice, which is generally viewed favorably by regulatory authorities.